Different sorts of perspective used in pictures.
The sense of depth and realism in a 2 D photograph is increased by the way the 3-D effect can be conveyed.
"Perspective is the appearance of objects in space and their relationship to each other and to the viewer"
Perspective effects
"Perspective is the appearance of objects in space and their relationship to each other and to the viewer"
Perspective effects
- Linear perspective - characterised by converging lines. Point the camera upwards and the lines will move towards each other as distance increases.
- Diagonal lines - which introduces sense of movement. The "movement" enhances the sense of depth as one visually follows them into the picture . Shadows can appear as diagonal lines.
- Viewpoint (High, medium, or low) determines the degree of convergence of lines. The higher the viewpoint the greater the convergence. If the camera is too low, the effect is lost.
- Focal length These effects may be reduced, for example by using a tele photo lens, and hence will increase the graphic (shape, form etc) qualities of a photo but reduce the sense of depth. A wide angle lens will show more of the diagonals in the foreground enhancing the near perspective.
- Diminishing perspective - a form of linear perspective. Where each successive repetition appears a little smaller. e.g. a line of trees. Anything overlapping will appear to be nearer the camera.
- Perspective through the use of scale By using a wide angle lens and focusing on a near subject, features in the background appear small and increases the sense of depth.
- Aerial Perspective Scattering of light by particles in the atmosphere gives haze and the distant parts of a scene have less contrast and colour saturation.This is increased by the use of telephoto lenses.
- Tonal Perspective Light tones appear to advance and dark tones recede. A light object on a dark background will appear to stand forward increasing the depth. This can be controlled by positioning subjects, or by lighting.
- Colour perspective Warm colours (red, orange,yellow) advance whilst cool colours (green and blue) tend to recede. An optical illusion of depth. Positioning of subjects can be used as a control. The stronger the colour, the stronger the effect. If there is a difference of intensity it should be favoured in the foreground.
- Focus Subjects in clear focus in the foreground stand forward from less defined detail in the background.
- Lighting and Shade The way light and shadows fall gives visual clues as to the shape of subjects and their position in the space.